Aristotle
Aristotle's father was a physician and he once served under Alexander The Great as his personal tutor. His father taught him to be interested in natural life. Aristotle was Plato's most prized student just as Plato was Socrates' most prized student. He was not just a philosopher, he was also a scientist who was endlessly fascinated by nature. He studied nature in great detail just as his father has taught him. Aristotle can be said to have invented modern logic, the whys and whats. It is not easy to digest Aristotle's philosophy as he lectured in many fields including logic, music, astronomy, poetry, politics, ethics, physics, etc. Although a learned student of Plato he differed when it came to the idea of knowledge. Whereas Plato believed that man was born with knowledge, Aristotle argued that knowledge came from experience. In this area, he became Plato's critic. So there you have it - Rationalism, a knowledge that comes before experience (based on reason) a...